ECairo
Cairo is one of the world's great megacities. As beautiful as it is crazy, and as rich in historic finery as it is half dilapidated, Cairo tends to be a city that travelers love and hate in equal measures. Its sheer noise, pollution, and confounding traffic are an assault on your senses, but look beyond the modern hubbub, and you'll find a history that spans centuries. Full of vigor, Cairo is where you really get a feel for Egyptian street life. No trip to Egypt is complete without a stay in the city Arabs call Umm al-Dunya (The Mother of the World).
Giza Necropolis.-
On a plateau 40 meters high, located on the edge of the Libyan desert and currently about 12 km from the center of Cairo is the Necropolis of Giza, the northernmost of the Memphis area and the most important during the 5 Dynasty, When The Great Pyramids Of Keosp, Kefren And Menkaure And The Enigmatic Sphinx Were Built. These Pyramids Are One Of The Most Exceptional Architectural Achievements In The History Of Humanity And The Symbol Of Pharaonic Culture. The Pyramids Of Giza Are The Undeniable Culmination Of Constructions Of This Type. In addition to the pyramids, the corresponding worship buildings were built
To each one of them (Funeral Temples, Valley Temples, Solar Boat Moats, Access Ramps, ...), Small Pyramids Destined To The Queens And Numerous Mastabas For Senior Officials. Each funeral complex was a faithful reflection of the social order of the country, which was still in force in the life of the hereafter. With the passing of the centuries, a veritable burial city emerged in Giza with the pyramids of the 5th dynasty in the center, which have always been a fascination among scientists, archaeologists and adventurers.
Pyramid of Cheops - Pyramid of Khafren - Pyramid of Menkaure - Great Sphinx - Temple of the Great Sphinx - Solar Boats - The Workers' Village
Memfis City
Founded in the 1st dynasty (3100 B.C) by King Narmar, Memphis was the capital of Ancient Egypt, and the first capital city founded after the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. It remained the capital city of Ancient Egypt throughout the Old Kingdom. Due to a large number of necropolises (these are ancient cemeteries) associated with Memphis, many Egyptologists believe that it was once an extremely large city, although there is no archaeological evidence, even today, that proves this point.
The name of Memphis is derived from the Ancient Egyptian name, Men-Nefer, which the Greeks later renamed Memphis. Today it is found in an interesting local village called Mit Rahina. Archaeological excavation, at the site, has continued for the last 200 years.
The local god of Memphis was called Ptah, he was the god of creation and workmen, and was worshiped with his wife, the Goddess Sekhmet and their son, the God Nefer-Tom.
Little remains from the ruins of ancient Memphis, except a few monuments from the New Kingdom and later periods. Nearby Sakkara (as well as Dashur and others) was associated with Memphis and was the site of one its many necropolises.
Today, in Memphis, you can visit this historical Open Air Museum, which amongst other artifacts exhibits a limestone colossus of King Ramses II.
This enormous statue, carved in limestone, (and missing the King's feet) is about 10m (33.8ft) long. You can also see a stunning, giant alabaster Sphinx, weighing more than 80 tons, which once stood outside the massive temple of the god Ptah. You can also experience the sight of the remains of granite statues, showcasing Ramses II, as well as granite coffins and commemorative tablets from later periods.
la tradición dice que menes fundó la ciudad, mediante la creación de diques, para proteger la zona de inundaciones del Nilo occidental, posteriormente esta gran ciudad del imperio antiguo, se convirtió en el centro administrativo y religioso de Egipto. Dio lugar a una más cosmopolita y probablemente una de las más grandes e importantes en el mundo antiguo.
la visión a día de hoy es muy diferente, debía de haber sido enorme, a juzgar por el tamaño de su necrópolis, que se extiende cerca de 19 millas a lo largo de la orilla occidental del nilo, donde se incluyen dahshur, abusir, saqqara, el zawyet-aryan, abu roash y guiza cuyos nombres se derivan de las más modernas comunidades cercanas.
lo más característico de la ciudad es el coloso de ramses y la esfinge de alabastro, los cuales atraen gran parte del turismo y el palacio en ruinas de apries al norte del templo de ptah. el coloso inacabado de ramses se encuentra en el museo al aíre libre de mit rahina y aunque le faltan los pies, tiene una altura de 10 metros y está esculpida en piedra caliza.
la esfinge de alabastro, es una estatua monumental con cabeza humana y cuerpo de león y constituye un símbolo nacional de Egipto, aunque está muy deteriorada por las inclemencias del tiempo.
Saqqara necropolis
Saqqara is, to this day, the most important necropolis in the entire city of Memphis. It is only 30 kilometers from Cairo and has an impressive source of knowledge. Saqqara Has Several Funeral Complexes, Created By Pharaohs Of The Old Kingdom, As Well As Numerous Tombs Of Nobles. Although it is true that the looting here also left a mark, the truth is that the samples of funeral art are still latent. Perhaps The Best Kept Treasure Is The Step Pyramid. His Revolutionary Design Would Be Created By Imhotep For The Pharaoh Djoser. This is the first pyramid in Egyptian history, it can also be considered the oldest stone structure in the world built approximately in the year 1630 BC.
Royal Tombs Of The 2nd Dynasty
Pyramids: Dyeser, Unas, Userkaf, Isesi, Teti, Pepi I, Merenra, Pepi 2.
Horus Sechem-Jet and Shepseskaf Complex (Mastabet El-Faraon)
Mastabas: Ti, Nebet, Unas-Anj, Iynefert, Mehu, Ajet-Hotep, Mereruka, Idut, Ptahotep And Ajut-Hotep, Neferptah, Nianjnum And Jnum-Hotep, Kagemni.
Serapeum
Dahshur necropolis
One of the best preserved treasures of ancient Egypt is the archaeological complex of Dahshur, located in the middle of the desert, about two kilometers from the Sakara Necropolis and 40 from Cairo. This Impressive Funeral Complex, built 4,500 years ago in the time of Pharaoh Snefru -Father of Cheops and founder of the 5th Dynasty- is made up of five pyramids, two of which are majestic (the red one and the bent one).
Bent Pyramid
The imposing and enigmatic Bent Pyramid was built in the reign of Sneferu, probably before the Red Pyramid, and apparently planned as a normal pyramid with straight sides and with the usual valley temple, causeway, subsidiary pyramid, and enclosure wall. The well-preserved casing, constructed of slabs of Tura limestone slightly inclined downwards, gives a good idea of the original external appearance of other pyramids.
The reason for the change of angle halfway up the pyramid, from 54° 31 in the lower part to 43° 21, is unknown. Two theories have been put forward: either some unforeseen event may have made it necessary to complete the pyramid quickly, or as plaster-filled cracks in the interior and traces of timber supports suggests, there were fears for the stability of the pyramid during its construction, and the upper part was given a less steep angle to reduce the weight of Stone.
Red Pyramid
The Northern Stone Pyramid (more commonly known as the Red Pyramid after the reddish tint of the horizontally coursed limestone blocks of which it is constructed) has a height of 101.15 meters and is approximately the same size as the Pyramid of Cheops at Giza. It is thought to have been built by Sneferu, founder of the Fourth Dynasty and father of Cheops, who reigned gloriously for 24 years and conducted victorious wars in Libya and Nubia.
The Red Pyramid is the oldest royal tomb in pure pyramid form, providing a model followed in later royal burials. From the entrance on the north side, a shaft leads down to three chambers in the heart of the structure, the third of which was the tomb chamber, although Sneferu was not in fact buried here.
En Esta Pirámide De Casi 105 Metros De Altura Y Una Base De Unos 220 Metros De Lado Pudimos Acceder A Su Interior. Para Ello Tuvimos Que Subir Por Una De Sus Caras, A Través De Un Paso Acondicionado, Hasta Alcanzar La Entrada.
Pyramid of meidum
It is usually considered that it was Huni who built a step pyramid at Meidum similar to that of Dyeser at Saqqara. However, the name Huni has not appeared on the monument and, what is more, several New Kingdom graffiti found in the small funerary temple, mention his son Esnofru as the owner of the monument.
The pyramid was built in three stages, the first consisted of seven steps that were later increased to probably eight, a second phase where at the same time a new cladding was added and later during the last phase the space between one step and another was filled including a final cladding of limestone blocks, giving the impression that it was a true pyramid with smooth faces. The construction of the offering chapel on the east face of the pyramid seems to date from this last phase.
The Egyptian Museum
The absolutely staggering collection of antiquities displayed in Cairo's Egyptian Museum makes it one of the world's great museums. You would need a lifetime to see everything on show.
The museum was founded in 1857 by French Egyptologist August Mariette and moved to its current home — in the distinctive powder-pink mansion in Downtown Cairo — in 1897. Yes, the collection is poorly labeled and not well set out due to limits of space (and only a fraction of its total holdings are actually on display). It also suffers currently with some empty cases due to artifacts having been transferred to the GEM, but you still can't help being impressed by the sheer majesty of the exhibits.
If you're pressed for time, make a beeline straight for the Tutankhamun Galleries.
The treasures displayed here were all found in the tomb of Tutankhamun, son-in-law and successor of Amenophis IV (later Akhenaten), who died at the age of 18. The tomb, discovered by Howard Carter in the Valley of the Kings in 1922, contained the largest and richest assemblage of grave goods ever found intact in an Egyptian tomb.
Highlights include Tutankhamun's death mask and sarcophagi (Room 3), the pharaoh's lion throne (Room 35), and his fascinating wardrobe collection (Room 9). Afterwards, don't miss a wander through the Egyptian jewelry collection (Room 4), which contains more bling than you'll ever see again in one lifetime, and finish off by viewing the Royal Mummies Collection (Room 56 & 46), where you can say hello to Hatshepsut, Tuthmosis II, Ramses II, and Seti I in person.
Even when the GEM opens, this iconic building will still be used as a museum. It has not been announced which collections will stay here and which will be moved — except for the Tutankhamun Galleries, which will all eventually be transferred to the GEM.
The Egyptian Museum sits right beside Midan Tahrir, the central square of Downtown Cairo. The easiest way to arrive here is to take the Cairo Metro to Sadat station (on Midan Tahrir) and follow the exit signs to the museum
Estatua De Zoser. Famoso Por Mandar a Construir La Famosa Pirámide De Sakkara. Su Estatua Fue Encontrada Allí.
Triada De Micerinos. Encontrada En La Pirámide De Micerinos Representa A Este Faraón, A La Diosa Hathor Y La Divinidad Del Nomo De Cinópolis.
Escribá Sentado. Casi Tan Conocido Como Su Gemelo De El Louvre, Sólo Que Este Se Encuentra Con Peluca A Diferencia Del Del Museo Francés.
Estatua De Akenaton. Encontrada En Karnak, Es Una De Las Más Impresionantes Estatuas Del Museo Y De Las Mejor Conservadas.
Salah El Din Citadel
located on the hill of Mokattam near the center of “The City of thousands of Minarets” is the legendary Citadel of Salah El Din. Constructed took place in 1176 AD and completed in 1182 AD during the reign of king al Malek el Kamel by the hands of the founder of the Ayyubid Ruler to become a powerful fortress against foreign invading forces like the crusaders, the French invasion led by Napolean Bonaparte in 1798 after being inspired by the Syrian and Lebanese powerful fortress. The city also became the seat of the government and the king for 700 years for many dynasties like the Ayyubids, the Mamluks and the Ottoman Empire until Khedive Ismail moved the headquarters of the country to the newly constructed Abdin Palace in Downtown Cairo during the 1870s. Many constructions were constructed within the citadel like a hall of justice, an arsenal, entrance routes, four places which are Palace of the jewel, Palace of the Haram, Palace Albblq , and Saraya justice palace, huge terrace, and numerous gates such as the Baba Mokattam, the door of the middle, the new door and the door of the castle & Mosques like the enchanting , Masjid al-Nasir Qaloun, Mosque of Sulaiman Pasha, and Mosque of Ahmed Ktkhda. the citadel contains various towers like Al-Muqattam Tower, Al-Saffa Tower, Al-Alwa Tower, Kerkilan Tower, Tower Al Tarfa, Al-Mablat Tower, Al-Maquser Tower, Al-Amam Tower, Al-Qarafa Tower, Al-Ramlah Tower, Haddad Tower, and the Desert Tower. the Police Museum and Military Museum are the most visited destinations in the citadel. The citadel was remodeled and rebuilt many times through the ages as it looks quite different from the original design as most of the noticeable changes came in the 19th century by and his dynasty. Mohammed Ali tried as hard as he can to erase any trace for the Mamluks who controlled Egypt for six centuries, he constructed the Majestic Alabaster Mosque, a true example of Ottoman Architecture which towers over the rest of the complex and over a magical view over the immortal city of Cairo.
Mezquita De Mohamed Alí O Mezquita De Alabastro (S. Xix)
Es El Monumento Más Espectacular De La Ciudadela Y Uno De Los Más Representativos De La Ciudad. Las Obras Empezaron En 1830 Y Se Prolongaron Durante 30 Años. Esta Mezquita tiene un estilo otomano clasico, Como Lo Atestigua Su Enorme Cúpula Central Soportada Por Otras Cuatro Semicúpulas , Muestra, En Cambio, El Más Puro Estilo Europeo En La Decoración De Sus Muros Recubiertos De Alabastro. En El Patio Rodeado Por Una Arcada Sobre Pequeñas Cúpulas Destaca La Fuente De Abluciones Y El Reloj De 1845, Regalo Del Rey Luís Felipe De Francia A Mohamed Ali En Agradecimiento Al Obelisco Faraónico Que Embellece La Plaza De La Concordia De Paris.
Medieval Cairo
The attractions listed here are listed from north to south, starting at the Bab al-Futuh (Gate of Conquest) at the northern edge of the Fatimid city walls. The route follows al-Muizz Street (Sharia al-Muizz), which is dedicated to pedestrian traffic between 8 AM and 11 PM.
De La Ciudad. Todo Tipo De Objetos, Productos Y Artesanía Se Venden En Estas Calles, Un Lugar Muy Frecuentado Por Los Turistas Y Donde Podrás Encontrar Recuerdos A Buen Precio. El Barrio Medieval De El Cairo Es Famoso Por Ser Una De Las Ciudades , Islámicas Más Viejas Del Mundo. Podrás Dirigir Tus Pasos A Calles Tan Importantes Como La Calle Muski, Que Empieza Con Dos Mezquitas A Ambos Lados De La Calzada, Una La Madraza De Ashrafiya Y La Otra La Mezquita De Al-Mutahhar. Esta Calle, Junto Con El Zoco, Forma Parte De Una De Las Zonas Más Comerciales De La Ciudad.
Sultan Hasan Mosque and School
Finished in 1363, this mosque was raised by the Mamluk Sultan Hassan and lying below the citadel and next to the much more recent rifaii mosque, it's maybe the primary example of the Islamic mamluk dynasty. One of the largest mosques in Egypt and the Arab world, it was used as a school for different Islamic (sunni) schools of thought and also contains a mausoleum.
Rifaii Mosque
Built in 1911, this mosque holds the tombs of Egypt's last kings: King Foaud and his son King Farouq, plus a great number of Egyptian aristocrat families. The last Shah of Iran, who retreated to Cairo after being ousted from power in his country is also buried in the mausoleum.
Ibn Tulun Mosque
(to the west of Midan Sala ad-Din). Raised in 877 by the Abbasid governor, this mosque has a style reminding of the Samarra mosque in Iraq, quite different from other Egyptian mosques. Built on a six-acre site, the mosque was large enough to accommodate all of the city's males for Friday prayer. The mosque has an open interior, and the minaret, the oldest in Egypt, is accessible for a little baksheesh
Coptic neighborhood
In the oldest part of Cairo, you will find one of the most significant neighborhoods for the city, due to its distinctive streets and churches. Before the Turks invaded part of Egypt, the entire population remained Christian and after the invasion, the Egyptians began to convert to the Islam religion, leaving a small number of Christian inhabitants who today are known as Copts.
City of the Dead
One Of The Most Interesting Visits In Cairo. It is a Muslim cemetery in which the tombs of the Mamluks are located. These Tombs, Built As Houses, Were Occupied By Families Living With The Dead.
Khan el-Khalili Market
Khalili Is One Of The Top Tourist Attractions In Cairo And It Is One Of The Most Famous Bazaars In The World, Filled With Handicrafts Of All Kinds. When You Go Shopping You Must Haggle And You Can Even Get A Discount Of More Than 50%.
Qalawun Complex
Built by Mamluk Sultan Al-Nasir c. 1304 in honor of his father Qalawun. The complex contains a mosque, a madrasah (Islamic school) and the mausoleum where Sultan Qalawun is buried
The mausoleum in particular is often described as the world's second most beautiful, second only to the Taj Mahal, which it slightly resembles.
Moez Ledin Allah Al Fatimi Street
Moez Ledin Allah Al Fatimí Street, Which Is One Of The Very Famous Street In Cairo, Visiting Prince Abdul Rahman Katakhda, Fotouh Gate And Victory Gate, Aqmar Mosque, Sultan Qalawun Group, Sabil And Mohammed Ali Balnahacen School, Moheb El-Din Allamakee Hall, Sultan Al-Zahir Bahqud Mosque And Dome, Nassir Mohamed Ibn Qalawun University And Dome And Babar's Gachenkssa Mosque, Transfer Back To Your Hotel In Cairo.